Water security has become a major concern in Malaysia. Rapid development activities, unsustainable consumption, extensive agriculture, poor regional and structural planning, and increasing extreme events exert increasing pressure on the freshwater resources. It is, thus, important to investigate how the people's sufferings may increase and how the communities ensure water security. Considering these reasons, this presentation focuses on how poor water management may cause water and food insecurity to the communities resides downstream of Semantan River Basin, Pahang. Besides, recently a raw water transportation project is being constructed which will export water from this river to the Klang Valley (near Kuala Lumpur) and it is expecting that the dwellers of downstream areas of the river will be suffering from increasing water constraint. Therefore, here it is discussed about the main causes of water and food insecurity and how community may overcome those vulnerabilities.